#include <GyotoPython.h>

Inheritance diagram for Gyoto::Metric::Python:

Public Types
typedef Gyoto::SmartPointer< Gyoto::SmartPointee >	Subcontractor_t(Gyoto::FactoryMessenger *, std::vector< std::string > const &)
	A subcontractor builds an object upon order from the Factory. More...

Public Member Functions
virtual Property const *	getProperties () const
	Get list of properties. More...

	Python (const Python &)

virtual Python *	clone () const
	Virtual copy constructor.

void	spherical (bool)

bool	spherical () const

virtual std::string	module () const
	Return module_.

virtual void	module (const std::string &)
	Set module_ and import the Python module. More...

virtual std::string	inlineModule () const
	Return inline_module_.

virtual void	inlineModule (const std::string &)
	Set inline_module_ and import the Python module. More...

virtual std::string	klass () const
	Retrieve class_.

virtual void	klass (const std::string &)
	Set class_ and instantiate the Python class. More...

virtual std::vector< double >	parameters () const
	Retrieve parameters_.

virtual void	parameters (const std::vector< double > &)
	Set parameters_ and send them to pInstance_. More...

virtual void	mass (double m)
	Set mass used in unitLength()

void	gmunu (double g[4][4], const double *x) const

int	christoffel (double dst[4][4][4], const double *x) const

const std::string	kind () const
	Get kind_.

int	coordKind () const
	Get coordinate kind.

int	getRefCount ()

virtual void	mass (const double, const std::string &unit)
	Set mass used in unitLength()

double	mass () const
	Get mass used in unitLength()

double	mass (const std::string &unit) const
	Get mass used in unitLength()

double	unitLength () const
	M * G / c^2, M is in kg, unitLength in meters. More...

double	unitLength (const std::string &unit) const
	unitLength expressed in specified unit

virtual double	getRmb () const

virtual double	getRms () const

virtual double	getSpecificAngularMomentum (double rr) const

virtual double	getPotential (double const pos[4], double l_cst) const

double	deltaMin () const

void	deltaMin (double h1)

double	deltaMax () const

virtual double	deltaMax (double const pos[8], double delta_max_external) const

void	deltaMax (double h1)

double	deltaMaxOverR () const
	Get delta_max_over_r_.

void	deltaMaxOverR (double t)
	Set delta_max_over_r_.

bool	keplerian () const
	Get keplerian_.

void	keplerian (bool)
	Set keplerian_.

virtual void	cartesianVelocity (double const coord[8], double vel[3])
	Compute xprime, yprime and zprime from 8-coordinates.

virtual double	SysPrimeToTdot (const double coord[4], const double v[3]) const
	Compute tdot as a function of dr/dt, dtheta/dt and dphi/dt. Everything is in geometrical units. More...

virtual void	circularVelocity (double const pos[4], double vel[4], double dir=1.) const
	Yield circular velocity at a given position. More...

virtual void	zamoVelocity (double const pos[4], double vel[4]) const
	Yield ZAMO velocity at a given position. More...

virtual void	nullifyCoord (double coord[8]) const
	Set tdot (coord[4]) such that coord is light-like. Everything is in geometrical units. More...

virtual void	nullifyCoord (double coord[8], double &tdot2) const
	Set tdot (coord[4]) such that coord is light-like and return other possible tdot. More...

virtual void	normalizeFourVel (double coord[8]) const
	Normalize fourvelvel to -1. More...

virtual void	normalizeFourVel (double const pos[4], double fourvel[4]) const
	Normalize fourvelvel to -1. More...

virtual double	ScalarProd (const double pos[4], const double u1[4], const double u2[4]) const
	Scalar product. More...

double	norm (const double pos[4], const double u1[4]) const
	Scalar product. More...

void	multiplyFourVect (double vect[4], double a) const
	multiply vector by scalar

void	addFourVect (double u1[4], double const u2[4]) const
	add second vector to first one

void	projectFourVect (double const pos[4], double u1[4], double const u2[4]) const
	project u1 orthogonally to u2 at pos

void	dualOneForm (double const IN_ARRAY1_1[4], double const IN_ARRAY1_2[4], double ARGOUT_ARRAY1[4]) const
	Computes dual 1-form Compute the dual 1-form of 4-vector. More...

virtual void	observerTetrad (obskind_t obskind, double const pos[4], double fourvel[4], double screen1[4], double screen2[4], double screen3[4]) const
	Computes the orthonormal local tetrad of the observer. More...

virtual void	observerTetrad (double const pos[4], double fourvel[4], double screen1[4], double screen2[4], double screen3[4]) const
	Computes the orthonormal local tetrad of the observer. More...

void	GramSchmidt (double const pos[4], double u0[4], double u1[4], double u2[4], double u3[4]) const
	Apply Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization to a basis. More...

virtual double	gmunu (double const x[4], int mu, int nu) const
	Metric coefficients. More...

virtual void	gmunu (double ARGOUT_ARRAY2[4][4], double const IN_ARRAY1[4]) const
	Metric coefficients. More...

virtual double	gmunu_up (double const x[4], int mu, int nu) const
	Metric contravariant coefficients. More...

virtual void	gmunu_up (double ARGOUT_ARRAY2[4][4], const double IN_ARRAY1[4]) const
	Metric contravariant coefficients. More...

virtual void	jacobian (double ARGOUT_ARRAY3[4][4][4], const double IN_ARRAY1[4]) const
	Derivatives of the metric covariant coefficients. More...

virtual void	gmunu_up_and_jacobian (double ARGOUT_ARRAY2[4][4], double ARGOUT_ARRAY3[4][4][4], const double IN_ARRAY1[4]) const
	gmunu_up() and jacobian() in one go

virtual void	computeNBeta (const double coord[4], double &NN, double beta[3]) const
	Computes lapse scalar and shift vector at coord.

virtual double	christoffel (const double coord[4], const int alpha, const int mu, const int nu) const
	Chistoffel symbol. More...

virtual int	christoffel (double dst[4][4][4], const double coord[4]) const
	Chistoffel symbol. More...

virtual int	myrk4 (Worldline *line, state_t const &coord, double h, state_t &res) const
	RK4 integrator.

virtual int	myrk4 (Worldline *line, const double coord[8], double h, double res[8]) const =delete
	Obsolete, update your code.

virtual int	myrk4_adaptive (Gyoto::Worldline *line, state_t const &coord, double lastnorm, double normref, state_t &coordnew, double h0, double &h1, double deltamax=GYOTO_DEFAULT_DELTA_MAX) const
	RK4 integrator with adaptive step.

virtual int	myrk4_adaptive (Gyoto::Worldline *line, const double coord[8], double lastnorm, double normref, double coordnew[8], double h0, double &h1, double deltamax=GYOTO_DEFAULT_DELTA_MAX) const =delete
	Obsolete, update your code.

virtual int	isStopCondition (double const coord[8]) const
	Check whether integration should stop. More...

virtual int	diff (state_t const &x, state_t &dxdt, double mass) const
	F function such as dx/dt=F(x,cst)

virtual int	diff (state_t const &x, state_t &dxdt) const =delete
	Obsolete, update your code.

virtual int	diff (const double y[8], double res[8]) const =delete

virtual int	diff31 (state_t const &x, state_t &dxdt, double mass) const
	F function such as dx/dt=F(x,cst) for 3+1 case.

virtual void	setParticleProperties (Gyoto::Worldline *line, double const coord[8]) const
	Set Metric-specific constants of motion. Used e.g. in KerrBL.

void	incRefCount ()
	Increment the reference counter. Warning: Don't mess with the counter.

int	decRefCount ()
	Decrement the reference counter and return current value. Warning: Don't mess with the counter.

virtual bool	isThreadSafe () const
	Whether this class is thread-safe. More...

void	set (Property const &p, Value val)
	Set Value of a Property.

void	set (Property const &p, Value val, std::string const &unit)
	Set Value (expressed in unit) of a Property.

void	set (std::string const &pname, Value val)
	Set Value of a Property.

void	set (std::string const &pname, Value val, std::string const &unit)
	Set Value (expressed in unit) of a Property.

Value	get (Property const &p) const
	Get Value of a Property.

Value	get (std::string const &pname) const
	Get Value of a Property.

Value	get (Property const &p, std::string const &unit) const
	Get Value of a Property, converted to unit.

Value	get (std::string const &pname, std::string const &unit) const
	Get Value of a Property, converted to unit.

Property const *	property (std::string const pname) const
	Find property by name. More...

virtual void	fillProperty (Gyoto::FactoryMessenger *fmp, Property const &p) const
	Output a single Property to XML. More...

virtual void	fillElement (Gyoto::FactoryMessenger *fmp) const
	Fill the XML element for this Object. More...

virtual void	setParameters (Gyoto::FactoryMessenger *fmp)
	Main loop for parsing Properties from XML description. More...

virtual int	setParameter (std::string name, std::string content, std::string unit)
	Set parameter by name. More...

virtual void	setParameter (Gyoto::Property const &p, std::string const &name, std::string const &content, std::string const &unit)
	Set parameter by Property (and name) More...

std::string	describeProperty (Gyoto::Property const &p) const
	Format desrciption for a property. More...

void	help () const
	Print (to stdout) some help on this class. More...

virtual void	hook (Listener *listener)
	Start listening. More...

virtual void	unhook (Listener *listener)
	Stop listening. More...

Public Attributes
	GYOTO_OBJECT_THREAD_SAFETY

Static Public Attributes
static GYOTO_OBJECT Property const	properties []

Protected Member Functions
void	kind (const std::string)
	Set kind_. More...

void	coordKind (int coordkind)
	Set coordkind_. More...

virtual void	tellListeners ()
	Call tell() on each hooked Listener. More...

Protected Attributes
double	delta_min_
	Minimum integration step for the adaptive integrator.

double	delta_max_
	Maximum integration step for the adaptive integrator.

double	delta_max_over_r_
	Numerical tuning parameter. More...

bool	keplerian_
	1 if circularVelocity should return the Newtonian Keplerian velocity, in r^-3/2

std::string	kind_
	The "kind" that is output in the XML entity. More...

std::vector< std::string >	plugins_
	The plug-ins that needs to be loaded to access this instance's class. More...

std::string	module_
	Name of the Python module that holds the class. More...

std::string	inline_module_
	Python source code for module that holds the class.

std::string	class_
	Name of the Python class that we want to expose. More...

std::vector< double >	parameters_
	Parameters that this class needs. More...

PyObject *	pModule_
	Reference to the python module once it has been loaded.

PyObject *	pInstance_
	Reference to the python instance once it has been instantiated.

Private Attributes
PyObject *	pGmunu_
	Reference to the gmunu method.

PyObject *	pChristoffel_
	Reference to the christoffel method.

Friends
class	Gyoto::SmartPointer< Gyoto::Metric::Python >

Detailed Description

Metric coded in Python.

Loader for Python Metric classes. It interfaces with a Python class which must implement at least the methods detailed below.

Use <Cartesian> or </Spherical> to select the coordinate system kind.

Sample XML file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<Scenery>
  The goal of this example is to exhibit using a Metric and a Spectrum
  coded in Python. It is functionaly equivalent to
  example-fixed-star-minkowski-cartesian.xml in the main Gyoto example
  directory.
  An optically thin blob centered on the origin of the coordinate
  system, in flat space-time. Computation uses the Cartesian
  coordinates.
  <Metric kind = "Python">
    <Mass unit="sunmass"> 4e6 </Mass>
    <Cartesian/>
    <Module>gyoto_sample_metrics</Module>
    <Class>Minkowski</Class>
  </Metric>
  <Screen>
    <Distance unit="kpc"> 8 </Distance>
    <Time unit="yr"> 30e3 </Time>
    <FieldOfView unit="microas"> 150 </FieldOfView>
    In UTF-8 locales, "microas" may be written "µas".
    <Inclination unit="degree"> 90 </Inclination>
    In UTF-8 locales, "degree" may be written "°".
    <PALN> 0 </PALN>
    <Argument> 0 </Argument>
    <Resolution> 32 </Resolution>
  </Screen>
  <Astrobj kind = "FixedStar">
    <Radius> 12 </Radius>
    <Position> 0 0 0 </Position>
    <UseGenericImpact/>
    <Spectrum kind="Python">
      <Module>gyoto_sample_spectra</Module>
      <Class>PowerLaw</Class>
      <Parameters>0.001 0.</Parameters>
    </Spectrum>
    <Opacity kind="Python">
      <Module>gyoto_sample_spectra</Module>
      <Class>PowerLaw</Class>
      <Parameters>0.001 0.</Parameters>
    </Opacity>
    <OpticallyThin/>
  </Astrobj>
  <Delta> 1e0 </Delta>
  <MinimumTime> 0. </MinimumTime>
  <Quantities>
    Intensity
  </Quantities>
  One can also specify a unit (if Gyoto was compiled with --with-udunits):
    Intensity[mJy/pix²]
    Intensity[mJy/µas²]
    Intensity[J.m-2.s-1.sr-1.Hz-1]
    Intensity[erg.cm-2.s-1.sr-1.Hz-1]
    Intensity[mJy.sr-1]
    Intensity[Jy.sr-1]
</Scenery>

Sample Python module:

'''Sample metrics for using with Gyoto Python plug-in
   Those classes demonstrate how to use Python classes as Gyoto
   Metric implementations using Gyoto's "python" plug-in. Note that
   this plug-in can be renamed to whatever matches the particular
   version of Python it has been built against (e.g. python3.4).
   The goal is to be able to instantiate these from XML, from
   Yorick... and even from Python using the gyoto extension...
   Synopsis:
   import gyoto.core
   gyoto.core.requirePlugin("python") # or python2.7 or python3.4...
   gg=gyoto.core.Metric("Python")
   gg.set("Module", "gyoto_sample_metric")
   gg.set("Class", "Minkowski")
   Classes that aim at implementing the Gyoto::Metric::Generic
   interface do so by providing the following methods:
   gmunu(self, dst, pos): mandatory;
   christoffel(self, dst, pos): mandatory
   __setattr__(self, key, value): optional
   __setitem__(self, key, value): optional
'''
import math
import numpy
import gyoto.core
class Minkowski:
    '''Flat space metric
    Implemented for both Cartesian and spherical coordinates.
    Every Gyoto Metric implemented in Python must implement the three
    methods illustrated here.
    '''
    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
        '''Set attributes.
        Optional.
        C++ will set several attributes. By overloading __setattr__,
        on can react when that occurs, in particular to make sure this
        knows the coordinate kind as in this example.
        Attributes set by the C++ layer:
          this: if the Python extension "gyoto.core" can be imported, it
                will be set to a gyoto.core.Metric instance pointing to the
                C++-side instance. If the "gyoto.core" extension cannot be
                loaded, this will be set to None.
          spherical: when the spherical(bool t) method is called in
                the C++ layer, it sets the spherical attribute in the
                Python side.
          mass: when the mass(double m) method is called in the C++
                side, it sets the spherical attribute in the Python
                side.
        This example initializes coordKind in the C++ side if it is
        not already set, since this Minkowski class can work in
        either.
        '''
        # First, actually store the attribute. This is what would
        # happen if we did not overload __setattr__.
        self.__dict__[key]=value
        # Then, if key is "this", ensure this knows a valid coordKind.
        if (key is "this"):
            cK=value.coordKind()
            if cK is gyoto.core.GYOTO_COORDKIND_UNSPECIFIED:
                value.set("Spherical", False)
            # We could do without this, since this will tell us later
            # anyway.
            else:
                self.spherical = (cK is gyoto.core.GYOTO_COORDKIND_SPHERICAL)
    def gmunu(self, g, x):
        ''' Gyoto::Metric::Generic::gmunu(double dst[4][4], const double pos[4])
        Mandatory.
        C++ will send two NumPy arrays.
        '''
        for mu in range(0, 4):
            for nu in range(0, 4):
                g[mu][nu]=g[nu][mu]=0
        g[0][0]=-1;
        if not self.spherical:
            for mu in range(1, 4):
                g[mu][mu]=1.
            return
        r=x[1]
        theta=x[2]
        tmp=r*math.sin(theta)
        g[1][1]=1.
        g[2][2]=r*r
        g[3][3]=tmp*tmp
    def christoffel(self, dst, x):
        '''Gyoto::Metric::Generic::christoffel(double dst[4][4][4], const double pos[4])
        Mandatory.
        C++ will send two NumPy arrays.
        '''
        for alpha in range(0, 4):
            for mu in range(0, 4):
                for nu in range(0, 4):
                    dst[alpha][mu][nu]=0.
        if not self.spherical:
            return 0
        r=x[1]
        theta=x[2]
        sth=math.sin(theta)
        cth=math.cos(theta)
        dst[1][2][2]=-r
        dst[1][3][3]=-r*sth*sth
        dst[2][1][2]=dst[2][2][1]= 1./r
        dst[2][3][3]=-sth*cth
        dst[3][1][3]=dst[3][3][1]= dst[2][1][2]
        dst[3][2][3]=dst[3][3][2]= math.tan(math.pi*0.5 - x[2])
        return 0

Member Typedef Documentation

◆ Subcontractor_t

typedef Gyoto::SmartPointer<Gyoto::SmartPointee> Gyoto::SmartPointee::Subcontractor_t(Gyoto::FactoryMessenger *, std::vector< std::string > const &)

inherited

A subcontractor builds an object upon order from the Factory.

Various classes need to provide a subcontractor to be able to instantiate themselves upon order from the Factory. A subcontractor is a function (often a static member function) which accepts a pointer to a FactoryMessenger as unique parameter, communicates with the Factory using this messenger to read an XML description of the object to build, and returns this objet. SmartPointee::Subcontractor_t* is just generic enough a typedef to cast to and from other subcontractor types: Astrobj::Subcontractor_t, Metric::Subcontractor_t, Spectrum::Subcontractor_t. A subcontractor needs to be registered using the relevant Register() function: Astrobj::Register(), Metric::Register(), Spectrum::Register().

Member Function Documentation

◆ christoffel() [1/2]

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::christoffel	(	const double	coord[4],
		const int	alpha,
		const int	mu,
		const int	nu
	)		const

virtualinherited

Chistoffel symbol.

Value of Christoffel symbol Γ^α_μν at point (x₁, x₂, x₃).

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::NumericalMetricLorene, Gyoto::Metric::Minkowski, and Gyoto::Metric::ChernSimons.

◆ christoffel() [2/2]

virtual int Gyoto::Metric::Generic::christoffel	(	double	dst[4][4][4],
		const double	coord[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Chistoffel symbol.

Value of Christoffel symbol Γ^α_μν at point (x₁, x₂, x₃).

Returns: 1 on error, 0 otherwise

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::NumericalMetricLorene, Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, Gyoto::Metric::Hayward, and Gyoto::Metric::Minkowski.

◆ circularVelocity()

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::circularVelocity	(	double const	pos[4],
		double	vel[4],
		double	dir = `1.`
	)		const

virtualinherited

Yield circular velocity at a given position.

Give the velocity of a massive particle in circular orbit at the given position projected onto the equatorial plane. Such a velocity may not exist everywhere (or anywhere) for a given metric. This method is intended to be used by Astrobj classes such as Torus or ThinDisk.

If keplerian_ is set to true, this method should return the Keplerian velcity instead (derived classes should ensure this, see KerrBL::circularVelocity() for instance).

The default implementation throws an error if keplerian_ is set to false.

Parameters

pos	input: position,
vel	output: velocity,
dir	1 for corotating, -1 for counterrotating.

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, Gyoto::Metric::KerrKS, Gyoto::Metric::Hayward, Gyoto::Metric::RezzollaZhidenko, and Gyoto::Metric::ChernSimons.

◆ coordKind()

void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::coordKind ( int coordkind )

protectedinherited

Set coordkind_.

coordkind(int coordkind) is protected because, for most Metrics, it should not be changed in runtime.Set coordinate kind

◆ deltaMax() [1/3]

double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::deltaMax ( ) const

inherited

Get delta_max_

◆ deltaMax() [2/3]

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::deltaMax	(	double const	pos[8],
		double	delta_max_external
	)		const

virtualinherited

Get delta max at a given position

Parameters

pos	4-position
[optional]	delta_max_external external constraint on delta_max

Returns: the smallest value between delta_max_, delta_max_external, and R*delta_max_over_r_ where R is pos[1] in spherical coordinates and max(x1, x2, x3) in Cartesian coordinates.

◆ deltaMax() [3/3]

void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::deltaMax ( double h1 )

inherited

Set delta_max_

◆ deltaMin() [1/2]

double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::deltaMin ( ) const

inherited

Get delta_min_

◆ deltaMin() [2/2]

void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::deltaMin ( double h1 )

inherited

Set delta_min_

◆ describeProperty()

std::string Gyoto::Object::describeProperty ( Gyoto::Property const & p ) const

inherited

Format desrciption for a property.

Returns a string containing the name(s) and type of the property, as well as whether it supports unit.

◆ dualOneForm()

void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::dualOneForm	(	double const	IN_ARRAY1_1[4],
		double const	IN_ARRAY1_2[4],
		double	ARGOUT_ARRAY1[4]
	)		const

inherited

Computes dual 1-form Compute the dual 1-form of 4-vector.

Parameters

	IN_ARRAY1_1	4-position;
	IN_ARRAY1_2	quadrivector;
[out]	ARGOUT_ARRAY1	output 1-form

◆ fillElement()

virtual void Gyoto::Object::fillElement ( Gyoto::FactoryMessenger * fmp ) const

virtualinherited

Fill the XML element for this Object.

The base implementation simply calls fillProperty() for each Property defined for the Object.

Derived classes should avoid overriding fillElement(). It may make sense occasionally, e.g. to make sure that the metric is output first.

To customize how a given Property is rendered, it is better to override fillProperty().

If this method is overridden, the implementation should in general call fillElement() on the direct base.

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Scenery, Gyoto::Spectrometer::Complex, Gyoto::Astrobj::Complex, and Gyoto::Metric::Complex.

◆ fillProperty()

virtual void Gyoto::Object::fillProperty	(	Gyoto::FactoryMessenger *	fmp,
		Property const &	p
	)		const

virtualinherited

Output a single Property to XML.

The base implementation decides what to do based on the p.type. The format matches how setParameters() an setParameter() would interpret the XML descition.

Overriding this method should be avoided, but makes sense in some cases (for instance Screen::fillProperty() selects a different unit for Distance based on its magnitude, so that stellar sizes are expressed in solar radii while smaller sizes can be expressed in meters and larger sizes in parsecs).

Overriding implementation should fall-back on calling the implementation in the direct parent class:

class A: public Object {};
class B: public A { 
 using B::setParameter;
 virtual void fillProperty(Gyoto::FactoryMessenger *fmp,
                        Property const &p) const ;
};
void B::fillProperty(Gyoto::FactoryMessenger *fmp,
                        Property const &p) const {
  if (name=="Duff") fmp->doSomething();
  else A::fillProperty(fmp, p);
}

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Screen, Gyoto::Scenery, Gyoto::Astrobj::Star, Gyoto::Spectrometer::Uniform, Gyoto::Astrobj::PolishDoughnut, Gyoto::Astrobj::Disk3D, Gyoto::Astrobj::PatternDisk, Gyoto::Astrobj::DirectionalDisk, Gyoto::Astrobj::DynamicalDisk, Gyoto::Astrobj::EquatorialHotSpot, Gyoto::Astrobj::XillverReflection, Gyoto::Metric::Shift, and Gyoto::Astrobj::NeutronStarModelAtmosphere.

◆ getPotential()

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::getPotential	(	double const	pos[4],
		double	l_cst
	)		const

virtualinherited

Returns potential W=-ln(|u_t|) for a cst specific angular momentum l_cst Should be implemented in derived classes if useful If called on the base class, returns an error

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::NumericalMetricLorene, Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, Gyoto::Metric::Hayward, and Gyoto::Metric::RezzollaZhidenko.

◆ getProperties()

virtual Property const* Gyoto::Metric::Python::getProperties ( ) const

virtual

Get list of properties.

This method is declared automatically by the GYOTO_OBJECT macro and defined automatically by the GYOTO_PROPERTY_END macro.

Reimplemented from Gyoto::Metric::Generic.

◆ getRmb()

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::getRmb ( ) const

virtualinherited

Returns the marginally bound radius Should be implemented in derived classes if useful If called on the base class, returns an error

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::NumericalMetricLorene, Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, and Gyoto::Metric::RezzollaZhidenko.

◆ getRms()

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::getRms ( ) const

virtualinherited

Returns the marginally stable (ISCO) radius Should be implemented in derived classes if useful If called on the base class, returns an error

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::NumericalMetricLorene, Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, and Gyoto::Metric::RezzollaZhidenko.

◆ getSpecificAngularMomentum()

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::getSpecificAngularMomentum ( double rr ) const

virtualinherited

Returns the specific angular momentum l=-u_phi/u_t Should be implemented in derived classes if useful If called on the base class, returns an error

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::NumericalMetricLorene, Gyoto::Metric::Hayward, Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, and Gyoto::Metric::RezzollaZhidenko.

◆ gmunu() [1/2]

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::gmunu	(	double const	x[4],
		int	mu,
		int	nu
	)		const

virtualinherited

Metric coefficients.

The default implementation calls Metric:: gmunu(double g[4][4], const double * pos) const

Parameters

x	4-position at which to compute the coefficient;
mu	1st index of coefficient, 0≤μ≤3;
nu	2nd index of coefficient, 0≤ν≤3;

Returns: Metric coefficient g_μ,ν at point x

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::RotStar3_1, Gyoto::Metric::Hayward, Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, Gyoto::Metric::KerrKS, Gyoto::Metric::RezzollaZhidenko, Gyoto::Metric::ChernSimons, and Gyoto::Metric::SchwarzschildHarmonic.

◆ gmunu() [2/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::gmunu	(	double	ARGOUT_ARRAY2[4][4],
		double const	IN_ARRAY1[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Metric coefficients.

The default implementation calls double gmunu(const double * x, int mu, int nu) const.

Parameters

[out]	ARGOUT_ARRAY2	(g) 4x4 array to store the coeefficients
[in]	IN_ARRAY1	(x) 4-position at which to compute the coefficients;

Returns: Metric coefficient g_μ,ν at point x

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::ChernSimons.

◆ gmunu_up() [1/2]

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::gmunu_up	(	double const	x[4],
		int	mu,
		int	nu
	)		const

virtualinherited

Metric contravariant coefficients.

The default implementation calls Metric:: gmunu_up(double g[4][4], const double * pos) const

Parameters

x	4-position at which to compute the coefficient;
mu	1st index of coefficient, 0≤μ≤3;
nu	2nd index of coefficient, 0≤ν≤3;

Returns: Metric coefficient g^μ,ν at point x

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::Hayward, Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, and Gyoto::Metric::ChernSimons.

◆ gmunu_up() [2/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::gmunu_up	(	double	ARGOUT_ARRAY2[4][4],
		const double	IN_ARRAY1[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Metric contravariant coefficients.

The default implementation inverts the covariant coefficients matrix.

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::NumericalMetricLorene, Gyoto::Metric::Hayward, Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL, Gyoto::Metric::KerrKS, and Gyoto::Metric::Shift.

◆ GramSchmidt()

void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::GramSchmidt	(	double const	pos[4],
		double	u0[4],
		double	u1[4],
		double	u2[4],
		double	u3[4]
	)		const

inherited

Apply Gram-Schmidt orthonormalization to a basis.

On input, u0 to u3 must be four non-zero norm, independent 4-vectors. On output, they will form an orthonormal basis.

Parameters

[in]	pos	position,
[in,out]	u0	basis vector
[in,out]	u1	basis vector
[in,out]	u2	basis vector
[in,out]	u3	basis vector

◆ help()

void Gyoto::Object::help ( ) const

inherited

Print (to stdout) some help on this class.

Describe all properties that this instance supports.

◆ hook()

virtual void Gyoto::Hook::Teller::hook ( Listener * listener )

virtualinherited

Start listening.

Use from a Hook::Listener object method:

teller->hook(this)

where "this" is a Listener and "teller" is a Teller.

Use unhook() later to stop listening to a given Teller.

Parameters

listener pointer to the new listener

◆ inlineModule()

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Python::inlineModule ( const std::string & )

virtual

Set inline_module_ and import the Python module.

Side effects:

sets module_ to "";
calls klass(class_) if class_ is already known, so module_ can be set (or reset) after class_.

Reimplemented from Gyoto::Python::Base.

◆ isStopCondition()

virtual int Gyoto::Metric::Generic::isStopCondition ( double const coord[8] ) const

virtualinherited

Check whether integration should stop.

The integrating loop will ask this the Metric through this method whether or not it is happy to continue the integration. Typically, the Metric should answer 0 when everything is fine, 1 when too close to the event horizon, inside the BH...

Parameters

coord 8-coordinate vector to check.

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::Complex, and Gyoto::Metric::Shift.

◆ isThreadSafe()

virtual bool Gyoto::Object::isThreadSafe ( ) const

virtualinherited

Whether this class is thread-safe.

Return True if this object is thread-safe, i.e. if an instance and its clone can be used in parallel threads (in the context of Scenery::raytrace()). Known objects which are not thread-safe include Lorene metrics and everything from the Python plug-in.

The default implementation considers that the class itself is thread safe and recurses into the declared properties to check whether they are safe too. Classes that abide to the Object/Property paradigm and are themselves thread-safe have nothing special to do.

Objects that clone children in their copy constructor that are not declared as properties must take these children into account.

Classes that are never thread-safe must declare it. It acn be easily done using GYOTO_OBJECT_THREAD_SAFETY in the class declaration and GYOTO_PROPERTY_THREAD_UNSAFE in the class definition.

◆ jacobian()

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::jacobian	(	double	ARGOUT_ARRAY3[4][4][4],
		const double	IN_ARRAY1[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Derivatives of the metric covariant coefficients.

The default implementation evaluates them numerically. The gmunu matrix is assumed to be symmetrical but no other assumptions are made at the moment.

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::NumericalMetricLorene, Gyoto::Metric::Complex, Gyoto::Metric::KerrKS, and Gyoto::Metric::Shift.

◆ kind()

void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::kind ( const std::string )

protectedinherited

Set kind_.

kind(const std::string) is protected because, for most Metrics, it should not be changed in runtime.Set kind_

◆ klass()

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Python::klass ( const std::string & c )

virtual

Set class_ and instantiate the Python class.

Sets pInstance_.

This generic implementation takes care of the common ground, but does not set 'this' or call parameters(parameters_). Therefore, all the derived classes should reimplement this method and at least call Python::Base::klass(c) and parameters(parameters_). Between the two is the right moment to check that the Python class implements the required API and to cache PyObject* pointers to class methods.

Reimplemented from Gyoto::Python::Base.

◆ module()

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Python::module ( const std::string & )

virtual

Set module_ and import the Python module.

Side effects:

sets inline_module_ to "";
calls klass(class_) if class_ is already known, so module_ can be set (or reset) after class_.

Reimplemented from Gyoto::Python::Base.

◆ norm()

double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::norm	(	const double	pos[4],
		const double	u1[4]
	)		const

inherited

Scalar product.

Compute the norm of the quadrivector u1 in this Metric, at point pos expressed in coordinate system sys.

Parameters

[in]	pos	4-position;
[in]	u1	quadrivector;

Returns: ||u1||

◆ normalizeFourVel() [1/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::normalizeFourVel ( double coord[8] ) const

virtualinherited

Normalize fourvelvel to -1.

First computes threevel as xiprime=xidot/x0dot for i in {1, 2, 3}, then computes x0dot using SyPrimeToTdot, then computes again xidot as xidot=xiprime*x0dot.

Parameters

[in,out] coord 8-position, coord[4-7] will be set according to the other elements;

◆ normalizeFourVel() [2/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::normalizeFourVel	(	double const	pos[4],
		double	fourvel[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Normalize fourvelvel to -1.

First computes threevel as xiprime=xidot/x0dot for i in {1, 2, 3}, then computes x0dot using SyPrimeToTdot, then computes again xidot as xidot=xiprime*x0dot.

Parameters

[in]	pos	4-position;
[in,out]	fourvel	4-velocity, will be renormalized.

◆ nullifyCoord() [1/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::nullifyCoord ( double coord[8] ) const

virtualinherited

Set tdot (coord[4]) such that coord is light-like. Everything is in geometrical units.

Set coord[4] so that the 4-velocity coord[4:7] is lightlike, i.e. of norm 0. There may be up to two solutions. coord[4] is set to the hightest. The lowest can be retrieved using nullifyCoord(double coord[8], double& tdot2) const. Everything is expressed in geometrical units.

Parameters

[in,out] coord 8-position, coord[4] will be set according to the other elements;

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL.

◆ nullifyCoord() [2/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::nullifyCoord	(	double	coord[8],
		double &	tdot2
	)		const

virtualinherited

Set tdot (coord[4]) such that coord is light-like and return other possible tdot.

Set coord[4] so that the 4-velocity coord[4:7] is lightlike, i.e. of norm 0. There may be up to two solutions. coord[4] is set to the hightest. The lowest can be retrieved in tdot2. Everything is expressed in geometrical units.

Parameters

[in,out]	coord	8-position, coord[4] will be set according to the other elements;
[out]	tdot2	will be set to the smallest solution

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL.

◆ observerTetrad() [1/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::observerTetrad	(	obskind_t	obskind,
		double const	pos[4],
		double	fourvel[4],
		double	screen1[4],
		double	screen2[4],
		double	screen3[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Computes the orthonormal local tetrad of the observer.

Parameters

obskind	input: kind of observer (eg: "ZAMO","KeplerianObserver"...)
pos	input: position,
fourvel	output: observer 4-velocity (norm -1)
screen1	output: first vector in the screen plane
screen2	output: second vector in the screen plane
screen3	output: vector normal to the screen

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::Minkowski.

◆ observerTetrad() [2/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::observerTetrad	(	double const	pos[4],
		double	fourvel[4],
		double	screen1[4],
		double	screen2[4],
		double	screen3[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Computes the orthonormal local tetrad of the observer.

Parameters

[in]	pos	position,
[in]	fourvel	observer 4-velocity (norm -1)
[out]	screen1	first vector in the screen plane
[out]	screen2	second vector in the screen plane
[out]	screen3	vector normal to the screen

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL.

◆ parameters()

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Python::parameters ( const std::vector< double > & )

virtual

Set parameters_ and send them to pInstance_.

The parameters are sent to the class instance using the setitem method with numerical keys.

Reimplemented from Gyoto::Python::Base.

◆ property()

Property const* Gyoto::Object::property ( std::string const pname ) const

inherited

Find property by name.

Look into the Property list for a Property whose name (or name_false, for a boolean Property) is pname. Return a const pointer to the first such property found, or NULL if none is found.

◆ ScalarProd()

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::ScalarProd	(	const double	pos[4],
		const double	u1[4],
		const double	u2[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Scalar product.

Compute the scalarproduct of the two quadrivectors u1 and u2 in this Metric, at point pos expressed in coordinate system sys.

Parameters

pos	4-position;
u1	1st quadrivector;
u2	2nd quadrivector;

Returns: u1*u2

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::RotStar3_1, Gyoto::Metric::Hayward, and Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL.

◆ setParameter() [1/2]

virtual int Gyoto::Object::setParameter	(	std::string	name,
		std::string	content,
		std::string	unit
	)

virtualinherited

Set parameter by name.

This function is used when parsing an XML description, if no Property of this name is found. Overriding implementation should fall-back on calling the direct's parent implementation:

class A: public Object {};
class B: public A { 
 using B::setParameter;
 virtual int setParameter(std::string name,
                    std::string content,
                    std::string unit);
};
int B::setParameter(std::string name,
                    std::string content,
                    std::string unit) {
  if (name=="Duff") doSomething(content, unit);
  else return A::setParameter(name, content, unit);
  return 0;  // name was known
}

Parameters

name	XML name of the parameter (XML entity). This may have a path component, e.g. "Astrobj::Radius", in which case a property named "Astrobj" will be sought in the current object, and setParameter will be called recusrively on this Astrobj with Radius as name.
content	string representation of the value
unit	string representation of the unit

Returns: 0 if this parameter is known, 1 if it is not.

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Astrobj::Star, Gyoto::Metric::RotStar3_1, Gyoto::Metric::KerrKS, and Gyoto::Astrobj::EquatorialHotSpot.

◆ setParameter() [2/2]

virtual void Gyoto::Object::setParameter	(	Gyoto::Property const &	p,
		std::string const &	name,
		std::string const &	content,
		std::string const &	unit
	)

virtualinherited

Set parameter by Property (and name)

This function is used when parsing an XML description, if Property (p) of this name is found (i.e. either p.name or p.name_false is equal to name). Implementation should fall-back on calling the direct's parent implementation:

class A: public Object {};
class B: public A { 
 using B::setParameter;
 virtual void setParameter(Gyoto::Property const &p,
                           std::string name,
                        std::string content,
                        std::string unit);
};
void B::setParameter(Gyoto::Property const &p,
                          std::string name,
                  std::string content,
                  std::string unit) {
  if (name=="Duff") doSomething(content, unit);
  else A::setParameter(p, name, content, unit);
}

Parameters

p	Property that matches name (p.name == name or p.name_false == name)
name	XML name of the parameter (XML entity)
content	string representation of the value
unit	string representation of the unit

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Astrobj::PolishDoughnut.

◆ setParameters()

virtual void Gyoto::Object::setParameters ( Gyoto::FactoryMessenger * fmp )

virtualinherited

Main loop for parsing Properties from XML description.

This function queries the FactoryMessenger for elements to parse, and tries to matche each element to a Property to set it accordingly.

Any class that tries to be buildable from XML must supply a subcontractor (for base classes such as Metric, Astrobj, Spectrum and Spectrometer, it is done as a template that must be specialized for each class).

This subcontractor typically looks somewhat like this:

SmartPointer<Metric::Generic>
Gyoto::Metric::MyKind::Subcontractor(FactoryMessenger* fmp) {
  SmartPointer<MyKind> gg = new MyKind();
  gg -> setParameters(fmp);
  return gg;
}

 Although this is discouraged, it is possible to override the
 following functions to customize how XML entities are parsed:
   - setParameters() if low-level access to the
     FactoryMessenger is required;
   - setParameter(std::string name,
                  std::string content,
                  std::string unit)
     to interpret an entity that does not match a Property
     (e.g. alternative name);
   - setParameter(Gyoto::Property const &p,
                  std::string const &name,
                  std::string const &content,
                  std::string const &unit)
     to change how a Property is interpreted.

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Astrobj::Generic, Gyoto::Photon, Gyoto::Astrobj::Star, Gyoto::Spectrometer::Complex, Gyoto::Spectrometer::Uniform, Gyoto::Astrobj::Complex, Gyoto::Astrobj::OscilTorus, Gyoto::Astrobj::EquatorialHotSpot, Gyoto::Metric::Complex, and Gyoto::Metric::Shift.

◆ SysPrimeToTdot()

virtual double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::SysPrimeToTdot	(	const double	coord[4],
		const double	v[3]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Compute tdot as a function of dr/dt, dtheta/dt and dphi/dt. Everything is in geometrical units.

Parameters

coord	4-position (geometrical units);
v	3-velocity dx1/dx0, dx2/dx0, dx3/dx0;

Returns: tdot = dx0/dtau.

◆ tellListeners()

virtual void Gyoto::Hook::Teller::tellListeners ( )

protectedvirtualinherited

Call tell() on each hooked Listener.

Whenever a Teller mutates, it should warn any Listener hooked to it using tellListeners().

◆ unhook()

virtual void Gyoto::Hook::Teller::unhook ( Listener * listener )

virtualinherited

Stop listening.

Use from a Hook::Listener object method:

teller->unhook(this)

where "this" is a Listener, "teller" is a Teller, and "this" has called teller->hook(this) previously.

Parameters

listener pointer to the listener

◆ unitLength()

double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::unitLength ( ) const

inherited

M * G / c^2, M is in kg, unitLength in meters.

Metrics implementations are free to express lengths and distances in whatever unit they see fit (presumably most often geometrical units). This function returns this unit in SI (meters).

◆ zamoVelocity()

virtual void Gyoto::Metric::Generic::zamoVelocity	(	double const	pos[4],
		double	vel[4]
	)		const

virtualinherited

Yield ZAMO velocity at a given position.

Give the velocity of a zero angular momentul observer (whatever is closest to "at rest"). The default implementation simply projects (1, 0, 0, 0) othogonally along ephi and normalizes it, thus ensuring that vel is orthogonal to ephi.

Parameters

pos	input: position,
vel	output: velocity,

Reimplemented in Gyoto::Metric::KerrBL.

Member Data Documentation

◆ class_

std::string Gyoto::Python::Base::class_

protectedinherited

Name of the Python class that we want to expose.

Property name: Class.

◆ delta_max_over_r_

double Gyoto::Metric::Generic::delta_max_over_r_

protectedinherited

Numerical tuning parameter.

Ensure that delta (the numerical integration step) is never larger than a fraction of the distance between the current location and the center of the coordinate system.

For investigations close to the event horizon, 0.5 is usually fine. If high accuracy is needed long after deflection (weak lensing), then this must be smaller. A good test is to look at a MinDistance map for a FixedStar: it must be smooth.

◆ kind_

std::string Gyoto::Object::kind_

protectedinherited

The "kind" that is output in the XML entity.

E.g. for an Astrobj, fillElement() will ensure

is written.

◆ module_

std::string Gyoto::Python::Base::module_

protectedinherited

Name of the Python module that holds the class.

For instance, if the class is implemented in toto.py, the module name is "toto". Property name: Module.

◆ parameters_

std::vector<double> Gyoto::Python::Base::parameters_

protectedinherited

Parameters that this class needs.

A list of parameters (doubles) can be passed in the Property Parameters. They will be sent to the Python instance using setitem.

◆ plugins_

std::vector<std::string> Gyoto::Object::plugins_

protectedinherited

The plug-ins that needs to be loaded to access this instance's class.

E.g. for an Astrobj, fillElement() will ensure

is written.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:

GyotoPython.h

Public Types

Public Member Functions

Public Attributes

Static Public Attributes

Protected Member Functions

Protected Attributes

Private Attributes

Friends

Detailed Description

Member Typedef Documentation

◆ Subcontractor_t

Member Function Documentation

◆ christoffel() [1/2]

◆ christoffel() [2/2]

◆ circularVelocity()

◆ coordKind()

◆ deltaMax() [1/3]

◆ deltaMax() [2/3]

◆ deltaMax() [3/3]

◆ deltaMin() [1/2]

◆ deltaMin() [2/2]

◆ describeProperty()

◆ dualOneForm()

◆ fillElement()

◆ fillProperty()

◆ getPotential()

◆ getProperties()

◆ getRmb()

◆ getRms()

◆ getSpecificAngularMomentum()

◆ gmunu() [1/2]

◆ gmunu() [2/2]

◆ gmunu_up() [1/2]

◆ gmunu_up() [2/2]

◆ GramSchmidt()

◆ help()

◆ hook()

◆ inlineModule()

◆ isStopCondition()

◆ isThreadSafe()

◆ jacobian()

◆ kind()

◆ klass()

◆ module()

◆ norm()

◆ normalizeFourVel() [1/2]

◆ normalizeFourVel() [2/2]

◆ nullifyCoord() [1/2]

◆ nullifyCoord() [2/2]

◆ observerTetrad() [1/2]

◆ observerTetrad() [2/2]

◆ parameters()

◆ property()

◆ ScalarProd()

◆ setParameter() [1/2]

◆ setParameter() [2/2]

◆ setParameters()

◆ SysPrimeToTdot()

◆ tellListeners()

◆ unhook()

◆ unitLength()

◆ zamoVelocity()

Member Data Documentation

◆ class_

◆ delta_max_over_r_

◆ kind_

◆ module_

◆ parameters_

◆ plugins_